Due to the importance of forests in natural and anthropogenic environment, the effects of meteorological drought on the dryness of oak forests in Ilam province were investigated. The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of Zagros forests with drought occurring in the area. The results of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for the time periods showed that the most drought occurred in 2007, 2008, 2011, 2015 and 2016. Remote sensing data (MODIS images) were used to investigate the vegetation trend (NDVI) of trees during the period 2016–2016. The vegetation trend (NDVI) was significant over the period with the index drought index (SPI) with R2 = 0.9999. Ground harvesting of oak drying points and simulation using Landsat satellite imagery with 15 m pixel output from GIS software showed that 17894 hectares of area forests from 2000 to 2016 were dried and destroyed and prepared with oak forest and integrated layer. The output layers from the drought zoning were shown visually and the statistical analysis was performed in three 5-year time series. The results of these analyzes from 2002 to 2006 showed that the correlation coefficient between meteorological drought and oak drought 96.6% with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.985, for the time series of 2007 to 2011 the correlation coefficient between scratches Meteorological and oak dryness of 95.4% with R2 = 0.980 and coefficient of correlation for meteorological drought and oak drought of 98.8% and R2 = 0.995 of coefficient respectively. Its fluctuations in time series show the intensity and duration of the drying up of oak forests in the region. According to the results of this study, it is predicted that if the drought goes through this process, 1118.4 hectares of oak forests in Ilam province will be dried and destroyed annually.